The European Journal of Public Health Advance Access originally published online on March 29, 2007
The European Journal of Public Health 2007 17(6):637-641; doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckm016
Miscellaneous |
Prevalence and factors related to malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in children and adolescents in Italy
Carmelo G. A. Nobile1, Maria Pavia1, Leonzio Fortunato1 and Italo F. Angelillo2,*
1 Chair of Hygiene, Medical School, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
2 Department of Public, Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Medical School, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Correspondence: Italo F. Angelillo, DDS, MPH, Department of Public, Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138 Naples, Italy, tel: +39 81 5666031, fax: +39 81 459517, e-mail: italof.angelillo{at}unina2.it
Received September 27, 2006 , accepted February 4, 2007
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine prevalence of malocclusions, normative and perceived orthodontic treatment need and related risk factors in schoolchildren in Italy. Design: A random sample of 1000 11–15 years old children was selected from randomly selected schools in Catanzaro (Italy). Parents completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic, orthodontic history and perception of their child orthodontic treatment need. Children were interviewed on utilization of dental services, perception of orthodontic treatment need and use of orthodontic devices. The Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) were assessed. The Aesthetic Component (AC) of IOTN was assessed by parents, children and dentist. Results: A total of 546 children participated in the study. Three hundred and twenty-five subjects (59.5%) were assigned a 4 or 5 IOTN score, thus requiring orthodontic treatment. Definite treatment need (AC score 8–10) was reported for 8.6% of subjects by the orthodontist, 5.4% by parents and 3.2% by children. Higher DMFT significantly predicted orthodontic treatment need according to IOTN. Perceived orthodontic treatment need was significantly predicted by orthodontic treatment need for crowding/spacing and overjet. Conclusion: A high proportion of children needs normative orthodontic treatment and perceptions of orthodontic treatment do not overlap with normative need.
Keywords: adolescents, IOTN, Italy, malocclusion, orthodontic treatment
*At the time of this study he was with the Chair of Hygiene, Medical School, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
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