The European Journal of Public Health Advance Access originally published online on February 10, 2009
The European Journal of Public Health 2009 19(2):150-156; doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckp002
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Inequalities in Health |
Type of employment relationship and mortality: prospective study among Finnish employees in 1984–2000
Jouko Nätti1, Ulla Kinnunen2, Anne Mäkikangas3 and Saija Mauno3
1 Department of Social Research, University of Tampere, Finland
2 Department of Psychology, University of Tampere, Finland
3 Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
Correspondence: Saija Mauno, Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Post Box 35, Finland, tel: +358 14 2602862, fax: +358 14.2602841, e-mail: saija.mauno{at}psyka.jyu.fi
Received February 12, 2008 , accepted January 9, 2009
Background: The study investigated the relationship between the type of employment (permanent/temporary) contract and mortality. Factors through which temporary employment was expected to be associated with increased mortality were the degree of satisfaction with the uncertainty related to temporary work situation (Study 1) and the voluntary/involuntary basis for temporary work (Study 2). Methods: In Study 1 the data consisted of representative survey on Finnish employees in 1984 (n = 4502), which was merged with register-based follow-up data in Statistics Finland covering years 1985–2000. In Study 2 the data consisted of representative survey on Finnish employees in 1990 (n = 3502) with register-based follow-up data covering years 1991–2000. The relative risk of death was examined by conducting Cox proportional hazards analyses for the permanent and the two temporary employment groups, respectively. Results: In Study 1 temporary employees feeling the insecure situation unsatisfactory had a 1.95-fold higher risk of mortality than permanent employees (95% CI 1.13–3.35) after adjusted for background, health- and work-related factors. In Study 2 employees in the position of having a temporary job on the involuntarily basis had a 2.59-fold higher risk of mortality than permanent employees (95% CI 1.16–5.80). Conclusions: The present study confirmed that temporary employees are not a homogeneous group, which holds true even for mortality. Those temporary employees, who either felt the insecure situation unsatisfactory or who worked in temporary work involuntarily, had higher risk of mortality than permanent employees.
Keywords: temporary work, insecurity, involuntary basis, mortality, Cox proportional hazards
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