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The European Journal of Public Health Advance Access published online on July 19, 2005
The European Journal of Public Health, doi:10.1093/eurpub/cki144
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.
Received August 19, 2003
Accepted January 19, 2004

Article

Travel and health status: a survey follow-up study

Susanna Fleck 1, Helmut Jäger 1, and Hajo Zeeb 2*

1 Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Center for Travel Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
2 School of Public Health, University of Bielefeld, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Hajo Zeeb, E-mail: hajo.zeeb{at}uni-bielefeld.de


  Abstract

Background: To date there is little sound knowledge on the relationship between travel and health status as perceived by the traveller. Our aim was to investigate the frequency and risk factors of travel-associated illnesses and injuries and identify potential protective factors. Methods: All adults enrolled in a health insurance scheme who planned to travel in 2002 were eligible for participation in a baseline survey. Pre-travel written questionnaires and post-travel telephone interviews were conducted with responders. We analysed travel-associated health problems using descriptive methods and multivariate logistic regression. Results: From 8316 persons who returned a pre-travel questionnaire, a sample of 2384 were chosen, of whom 1471 completed post-travel interviews. 10.1% of all travellers reported travel-associated illnesses, and 1.8% suffered from injuries during travel. Among travellers to European destinations, 6.0% reported an illness as opposed to 16.2% of travellers to overseas destinations. Predictors for travel-associated illness were age <30 years (OR 1.48), duration of travel >4 weeks (OR 3.35) and travel destination. Perceived health status as scored by the travellers improved after travel. The frequency of medical consultations and personal health-related expenses decreased significantly shortly after travel. Conclusions: In this study, travel had a positive effect on the perceived health status of the traveller. The positive effects of travel seemed to outweigh the impact of health problems. Travel did not lead to increased health-related costs, neither in individual health expenses nor indirectly through increased medical consultation rates.

Keywords: travel; epidemiology; follow-up; survey.
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