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The European Journal of Public Health Advance Access published online on June 18, 2008
The European Journal of Public Health, doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckn050
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Longitudinal effects of the European smoking prevention framework approach (ESFA) project in Spanish adolescents

Carles Ariza1,2, Manel Nebot1,2, Zoa Tomás1, Emmanuel Giménez1, Sara Valmayor1, Visitación Tarilonte3 and Hein De Vries4

1 Evaluation and Intervention Methods Service, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (Public Health Agency, Barcelona)
2 CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
3 Personal Services Division, Barcelona Council, Barcelona, Spain
4 Health Education Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Correspondence: Carles Ariza, Evaluation and Intervention Methods Service, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (Public Health Agency, Barcelona), Pl. Lesseps 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain, tel: +34 932 027743, fax: +34 932 921443, e-mail: cariza{at}aspb.es

Received October 25, 2007 , accepted May 2, 2008

Background: To describe the effects of a Spanish smoking prevention programme in the context of an European project on regular smoking, in a sample of Barcelona adolescents. Method: A quasi-experimental design was conducted. An experimental group (EG) (1080 pupils) was exposed to programme and compared with a control group (CG) (872 students). The intervention included a school-based programme (16 sessions in 3 years), reinforcement of a smoke-free school policy, smoking cessation for teachers, brochures for parents and other community-based activities involving youth clubs and tobacco sales. Results: At 12 months, 4.5% of boys and 5.6% of girls were new smokers in the EG versus 6.7% and 11.7% in the CG (P < 0.001). At 36 months, 18.6% of boys and 31.2% of girls in the EG were regular smokers versus 21.6% of boys and 38.3% of girls in the CG (P < 0.001). The main factors associated with progression to regular smoking at 36 months were to be girl, to attend to a public school and to belong to the CG. Conclusion: These results endorse the effectiveness of multi-modal smoking prevention programmes, which include strategies with adults who influence adolescents.

Keywords: adolescence, effect evaluation, multi-modal programme, smoking prevention


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