The European Journal of Public Health Advance Access published online on May 29, 2009
The European Journal of Public Health, doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckp072
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The role of drunken older siblings and drunken peers in the alcohol–violence nexus
Emmanuel Kuntsche1, Diana Gossrau-Breen2 and Gerhard Gmel1,3,4
1 Research Department, Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems, Lausanne, Switzerland
2 Public Health Agency, Belfast, UK
3 Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
4 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
Correspondence: Emmanuel Kuntsche, Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems (SIPA), Research Department, PO Box 870, CH 1001 Lausanne, Switzerland, tel: +41 21 321 29 52, fax: +41 21 321 29 40, e-mail: ekuntsche{at}sfa-ispa.ch
Received September 17, 2008 , accepted May 7, 2009
Background: It is common knowledge that alcohol use and violence in adolescence is interrelated. However, less is known about variables which modify the link between alcohol use and violent behaviours in adolescence. The present study investigates how the interaction of intraindividual [adolescent risky single occasion drinking (RSOD)], intrafamilial (risky drinking of older siblings) and extrafamilial (risky drinking among peers) alcohol-related risk factors contributes to adolescents’ violence and delinquency. Methods: Multiple linear regression analyses including two- and three-way interactions were conducted based on a national representative sample of 3711 8–10th graders in Switzerland (mean age 15.0, SD = 0.95) who had older siblings. Results: All three alcohol-related risk factors and the three-way interaction contributed significantly to the frequency of violence and delinquency. Adolescents who frequently engage in RSOD and have both drunken peers and drunken older siblings had the highest levels of violence and delinquency. Moreover, their association between own drinking and violence increased the steepest. Conclusion: The present study confirmed the occurrence of cumulative risk processes and demonstrated that excessive alcohol consumption among older siblings and peers represents a crucial contextual factor for the link between adolescents’ risky drinking and violence and delinquency. For prevention, the findings suggest that a focus on peers alone may not be effective if the familial background is not taken into consideration.
Keywords: delinquency, drunkenness, peers, siblings, violence.